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Air pollution in Moravian-Silesian region and protecting population
PAJURKOVÁ, Romana
Air pollution is extensive problem throughout Moravian-Silesian Region and in addition impacts many lives in so settled agglomeration. Harmful substances that here aloft occur often in several fold go beyond limit for health protection, are toxic to environment and people who live there, therefore it is so important for protection of people to deal with this topic. It is necessary to determine, how much actually air pollution affects the health of the people. Hypothesis H1 deals with question. In cooperation with the Department of Air Protection Hydro meteorological Institute in Ostrava and Regional hygiene station of Moravian-Silesian region, were compared data of the current PM10 pollution particles weekly morbidity and acute respiratory diseases. If condition of the air worsens, sickness does not improve and when air quality is improving, declining disease and acute respiratory infections in the region - between air pollution and health status of the population is correlation. For hypothesis H2 was created questionnaire, and was distributed to resident of region with rate of return of 87 %. The most general questions were answered correctly. The issue came to the question of determining current situation, so H2 hypothesis was confirmed only partially. The only way how to do protecting the population it is functional warning. Also it was investigated by a special comparative method, when resident were warned in which value of the PM10. 38 % residents say, that they were never warned, so the hypothesis H3 was also confirmed partly. After analyzing the problem was created proposal how to deal with this situation in ORP Bohumín case. Inhabitants of the region were divided into two groups. Active group, it is a group of people who have internet connection and do not use it. It was therefore created information leaflet and stickers, whose main task is to attract attention and show the population, where information about current pollution can be found. Part of this leaflet is also notes, in which people were less informed in questionnaire. The second group is passive then ? residents who do not have internet access or they cannot us it. So it was crated a system of rotating information board, and design its location in the ORP Bohumín in an public areas, where accumulate a larger number of people. On such a board could be automatically sent actual time data through network communication. It would be also appropriate add alarm warning system, but its execution would have to be limited to a certain level due to the frequent exceed in most municipalities in the region. There would be also possibility to benefit a warning to citizens through the fire protection of Volunteer firefighter. Especially if was declared by smog situation. Of course there is a also the option to use warning sirens, but I think it such a way of warning could cause unnecessary panic. The following suggestions are valid for both groups. It was displayed map of Low Emission Zone form information available in ORP Bohumín. System of isolation green spaces.. It was also examined whether the type of activity plan prepared long-term inverse situation in the region, but according to HZS does not pose a threat to the region, which would require the declaration of emergency state. So developments of operational plan isn´t necessary yet. However, the time is main aspect for gradual improvement of the warning and informing the population. The results showed that the general awareness of the issue is sufficient, but is also necessary to pay attention to the current situation in order to reduce the health risks to the lowest level. I am not sure that citizens must learn how to reconcile with living in conditions, but they should be patient, of course contribute to improve this situation by for example informing themselves about current pollution.
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